Last September marked the 40th anniversary of the uprising at Attica prison in western New York and the bloody retaking of the facility by state troopers in which 29 inmates and 10 hostages died.
Within days of the end of the revolt in September 1971, Bread and Puppet Theater founder Peter Schumann staged a show about the tragedy at Goddard College in Vermont, where he was in residence, having moved out of New York City in 1970. Schumann revised the play, which he then called “Whitewashing the Dirty Sheets of America,” over the following year, before a run as “Revenge of the Law” at Coney Island in summer 1972, where the company had maintained a satellite outpost since March 1970. It was one of the brief shows Schumann devised, directed and built to be performed there numerous times each weekend—often when Schumann himself was busy in Vermont or elsewhere.
Four decades later, Bread and Puppet performs a revival of “Attica” or “Revenge of the Law” at the Boston Center for the Arts Cyclorama at 7 each night from Jan. 26 to 29. It’s accompanied by another prison drama, “Man of Flesh and Cardboard,” a shrill iteration of the shows Schumann has been creating for at least a year now about the imprisonment of Bradley Manning, the soldier accused of leaking thousands of American war documents to Wikileaks. We saw the paired shows when Bread and Puppet performed them at the Theater for the New City in New York in December. Bread and Puppet is also performing its family-friendly “Man = Carrot Circus” in Boston at 2 p.m. Saturday and Sunday.
A narrator and band—including Schumann on violin and kazoo—standing to the left of the stage introduce “Attica,” explaining that it begins in New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller’s office.
“This is a good country. This is not a bad country,” the governor, played by a performer in a grotesque, fat, lumpy, wrinkled mask says in a plodding, breathy voice. “…I am a good governor. Everything is fine.” A mailman, fawning and nervous, knocks and enters, saying, “It is raining outside.” “It’s still a good country,” the governor responds, then adds, “there are a few problems in our country, but everything else is fine.”
As the scene changes, a narrator announces, “In Act One you saw the governor in his office. You witnessed the arrival of his daily mail. You learned that you live in a good country and everything is fine. In Act Two, we take you to a prison in the same country in the same state to cell block one.”
A silver plastic curtain rises on a white guard beating a black prisoner (all the performers are masked) with a rifle to the sound of a buzz saw. “Fight back. No more!” a narrator declares. In the next scene, the black prisoner, armed with a spoon, takes away the guard’s rifle. Back in the governor’s office, the mailman informs the governor that the prisoners have taken hostages and ask to talk to the governor. “No, I will not go,” the governor says. “What shall be done,” the mailman asks. “Shoot them,” the governor responds.
Returning to prison, an angel pulls strings causing the prisoner to bang on a drum until a soldier shoots the prisoner dead. A spotlight flickers in darkness revealing demons laying a shroud over the dead prisoner. Back in the governor’s office, the mailman worries, “The prisoners are dead. The hostages are dead. The throats of the hostages have not been cut. Forty-three have been killed by the guns of the National Guard.” The governor responds in a sinister, breathy, plodding voice: “They broke the law. That’s why they died. I am the governor. I will conduct an investigation to find out the truth and the truth will say that I am right.” He adds, “Send my condolence to the families of the hostages who died.” “Yes,” the mailman says. “Send flowers also,” the governor says. The final act shows an angel standing over a black woman bent over a bloody shroud. A voice repeats, “Wake up,” as a mournful horn blows. It ends with blackout.
In the 40-year-old piece, Schumann (pictured above at left) was working in a signature format, alternating between scenes like clockwork, and with a sort of omniscient perspective on a preordained doom. What sets the piece apart in Schumann’s oeuvre is that it is a rare example of him telling a topical tale in such a straightforward narrative. Typically, current events are his jumping off point for a more mythical allegory. But here he uses masked performers to distill the prisoner uprising and the governor’s brutal response to its bare bones. The show is an indictment against the governor, whom Schumann makes evil and callous bureaucracy incarnate, while the prisoners are victims rising up against their oppressors. Schumann pares away nuance until it becomes a black and white parable. The effect is too simple, particularly in the depiction of the governor. But the simplicity, dramatic dark lighting and ritualistic movement make the depictions of the prisoner striking and heartbreaking.
Bread and Puppet Theater performs “Attica” and “Man of Flesh and Cardboard” at 7 p.m.
Jan. 26 to 29 at the Boston Center for the Arts, 539 Tremont St., Boston. Admission $12. The company performs “Man = Carrot Circus” there at 2 p.m. Jan. 28 and 29. General admission is $12. Students, seniors, and pre-school children pay $6. Children age 2 and younger are free.
Photos by The New England Journal of Aesthetic Research.